Pilgrims and Tourists
- Description
- Reviews
- Citation
- Cataloging
- Transcript
If you are not affiliated with a college or university, and are interested in watching this film, please register as an individual and login to rent this film. Already registered? Login to rent this film. This film is also available on our home streaming platform, OVID.tv.
In the Russian Republic of Altai, traditional native people create their own mountain parks, to rein in tourism and resist a gas pipeline that would cut through a World Heritage Site. In northern California, Winnemem Wintu girls grind herbs on a sacred medicine rock, as elders protest U.S. government plans to enlarge one of the West's biggest dams and forever submerge this touchstone of a tribe.
Winona LaDuke (Anishinaabe), Oren Lyons (Onondaga), Satish Kumar and Barry Lopez provide insights on a growing global indigenous movement for human rights and environmental protection.
136-page Teacher's Guide (PDF) for the Standing on Sacred Ground series
'This engaging film beautifully portrays the stunning Altai Mountains, the dramatic burial removal of the Ukok princess, taken by Russian archeologists without local permission, and the anguish of indigenous spiritual leaders. The parallel story of the Northern California Native community that has lost numerous McCloud River villages and sacred sites to the Mt. Shasta dam is well told, with music and ritual linking the communities' approaches to pilgrimage. Both narratives leave viewers with an appreciation of indigenous struggles as well as hope that protest and attention to their causes can bring some amelioration.' Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Research Professor, Center for Eurasian, Russian and Eastern European Studies, Department of Anthropology, Georgetown University, Author of Shamanic Worlds, Editor of Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia
'This monumental film series is superb. For many indigenous cultures throughout the world, sacred places are arenas of peace, power, and reverence. Standing On Sacred Ground sheds light on cases where religion and identity are under attack, where sacred places are being recklessly transformed into a focus of conflict, power struggles, desecration, and the violation of human rights. The films will prove to be of special interest to a wide range of scientific and academic disciplines, government and NGO personnel, and the general public. They will be most relevant for university, college, and high school classrooms covering subjects in anthropology, ecology, economic development, environmental studies, globalization, government, history, human rights, indigenous studies, law, social justice, sociology, political science, and religion.' Dr. Leslie E. Sponsel, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Author, Spiritual Ecology: A Quiet Revolution
'Standing on Sacred Ground is a tour de force! This is one of the most powerful documentary series ever made on indigenous peoples and their resistance to environmental exploitation. Toby McLeod has woven stories of first nations peoples resilience amidst images of searing beauty and unimagined destruction. An awakening call indeed that should be heard around the world.' Mary Evelyn Tucker, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, Co-author, Ecology and Religion
'Nothing like this riveting series of four desperately-urgent films about the fate of our planet has ever been seen...Patiently, lucidly and devastatingly, director Toby McLeod and his team have traveled the globe and painstakingly tracked eight stories of struggles by indigenous peoples to save the ancestral landscapes that have given them sustenance and spiritual anchoring for thousands of years. Standing on Sacred Ground is a magnificent, one-of-a-kind achievement...Containing face-offs at strategic sites, incontrovertible visual documentation of environmental wastelands, poignant voices of clarity and appeal that speak with the grave, quiet wisdom of cultures that have survived centuries of crusades to convert, exterminate, or assimilate them - these four dramatic films keep us on the edge of our seat and at the edge of tears. They absolutely must be seen by every citizen on earth.' Peter Nabokov, Anthropologist, Professor of World Arts and Cultures, University of California - Los Angeles
'An extraordinary film series highlighting the struggles, losses, and strengths of indigenous peoples working today to protect their sacred places in an industrialized world. Through beautifully filmed case studies where indigenous leaders speak for themselves, this series illustrates how history, law, science, and religion converge in the indigenous world and how critical these struggles are for the well-being of the planet as a whole.' Dr. Melissa K. Nelson, (Turtle Mountain Chippewa), Associate Professor of American Indian Studies at San Francisco State University, President of The Cultural Conservancy, Author of Original Instructions: Indigenous Teachings for a Sustainable Future
'From the local to the global, from the ancient world to the modern world, from developers to ecological preservationists, from indigenous peoples to outsiders, Standing on Sacred Ground explores the many sides of resource development on indigenous lands...The series provides considerable insight into the issues Indigenous Peoples face, and shows how and why they are fighting to preserve their sacred lands, their traditions, their life-ways, and their cultures. No study of contemporary ecological issues would be complete without hearing and seeing this aspect of ecology and development controversies.' Thomas D. Hall, Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Anthropology, DePauw University, Co-author, Indigenous Peoples and Globalization: Resistance and Revitalization
'This important educational documentary demonstrates the unsustainable cost of rampant resource extraction and development and the devastating impacts on those who hold sacred the duty to protect the earth, Indigenous peoples. In documenting cases from the Pacific to the remote mountains of Altai and across the Americas, it demonstrates the vital importance of traditional Indigenous knowledge in the preservation of biodiversity and shows that, far from being a primitive relic from the past, Indigenous knowledge is vital to the recovery of the biosphere and to our collective future existence. This is a well-executed documentary, suitable for post-secondary educational programs.' Makere Stewart-Harawira, Associate Professor of Theoretical, Cultural and International Studies in Education, University of Alberta, Author, The New Imperial Order: Indigenous Responses to Globalization
'Standing on Sacred Ground is one of the most powerful educational films, reminding us that Indigenous peoples are the true guardians of Mother Earth and their wisdom needs to be heeded - our future depends on it. Beautifully produced. Outstanding Indigenous commentary on the sacredness of Mother Earth and how we need to stop the plunder before we all vanish.' Dr. Julian Kunnie, Professor of Religious Studies/Classics, University of Arizona, Author, Indigenous Wisdom and Power: Affirming our Knowledge Through Narratives
'Beautifully illuminates indigenous peoples' resistance to environmental devastation and their determination to protect our common future.' Robert Redford
'Words that seem most appropriate in characterizing this documentary include awesome, beautiful, ugly, dramatic, revealing, disturbing, heroic, moving, and inspiring...A unique and historic achievement...The film exposes contemporary cultural, ecological, religious, and political realities, transcending the usual 'just-so-stories' of the ethnographic present dominating many textbooks. The film both tests anthropological viewers' adherence to cultural relativism and challenges any scientism because for indigenes nature is alive and spiritual with its sacred foci of power, reverence, and healing...This educational film series is most relevant for instructors and students in universities, colleges, and high schools for a wide variety of disciplines, topics, and courses. The four DVDs will allow instructors to easily use any of the individual eight cases, each 25 minutes long, making the series ideal for classroom use, or for students to pursue their individual interests.' Anthropology News (April 2014)
'Standing on Sacred Ground does well to not only allow the voices and experiences of actual Indigenous peoples, scholars, and activists shine throughout the films, but also calls out to viewers asking them what they can do for the land so 'the land can love them back.' This film series is thorough, critically engaging, inclusive, and very well produced. The eight case studies of Indigenous communities around the world offer the viewer a glimpse into the everyday lives of these people and can therefore be an excellent educational tool for students and activists of most ages. I highly recommend this film series for anyone who wants to learn about Indigenous cultures across the globe, as well as anyone who wants to fully understand how and why the earth is slowly being destroyed by the efforts of 'progress,' along with what they can do to help reverse the process of ecological destruction.' Jennifer Loft, University at Buffalo, Educational Media Reviews Online
'A powerful series...Sacred sites and the earth on which they reside are still under desperate threat. Whether or not a specific site is sacred to a specific religion (and most American Christians have no spiritual link to these places or most American places), the earth is one connected system, and the destruction of one place is a danger to all of them-and all of us. Level/Use: Suitable for high school classes and college courses in cultural anthropology, anthropology of religion, environmental anthropology, anthropology of endangered cultures, and Russian and Native American studies, as well as for general audiences.' Jack David Eller, Anthropology Review Database
Citation
Main credits
McLeod, Christopher (film director)
McLeod, Christopher (film producer)
Abbe, Jessica (film producer)
Abbe, Jessica (screenwriter)
Greene, Graham (narrator)
Cardinal, Tantoo (storyteller)
Other credits
Edited by Quinn Costello; director of photographys, Will Parrinello, Andrew Black; composer, Jon Herbst.
Distributor subjects
Activism; American Studies; Anthropology; Asian Studies; Business Practices; Climate Change/Global Warming; Developing World; Energy; Environment; Environmental Ethics; Environmental Justice; Geography; Global Issues; History; Human Rights; Humanities; Indigenous Peoples; Native Americans; Pollution; Psychology; Recreation; Religion; Russian/Slavic Studies; Sociology; Technology; Toxic ChemicalsKeywords
1
01:00:00,876 --> 01:00:03,852
[somber music]
2
01:00:03,876 --> 01:00:11,876
♪ ♪
3
01:00:13,751 --> 01:00:19,560
(Langton)
These places are where
the real nature of the world
4
01:00:19,584 --> 01:00:23,810
glows and emanates, yeah?
5
01:00:23,834 --> 01:00:27,351
(LaDuke)
The mountains will be here
long after we're gone,
6
01:00:27,375 --> 01:00:31,310
and they are sacred beings
unto themselves.
7
01:00:31,334 --> 01:00:33,685
(Dodson)
I think the West
hasn't quite understood
8
01:00:33,709 --> 01:00:35,768
the need to have a spirituality
9
01:00:35,792 --> 01:00:38,167
that links to the land
upon which they live.
10
01:00:40,167 --> 01:00:43,310
(male narrator)
Long before the idea
of national parks,
11
01:00:43,334 --> 01:00:48,560
people had sacred sites,
the original protected lands.
12
01:00:48,584 --> 01:00:50,810
For the dominant
world religions,
13
01:00:50,834 --> 01:00:53,059
the holy lands
are in the Middle East:
14
01:00:53,083 --> 01:00:55,975
Jerusalem, Mecca.
15
01:00:55,999 --> 01:00:58,477
But for the world's
indigenous people,
16
01:00:58,501 --> 01:01:01,143
sacred lands are all around us,
17
01:01:01,167 --> 01:01:03,975
and they are under siege.
18
01:01:03,999 --> 01:01:06,768
In this series,
eight threatened cultures
19
01:01:06,792 --> 01:01:10,018
make a stand on sacred ground.
20
01:01:10,042 --> 01:01:13,143
(Mercredi)
The native culture
and the ecology of the planet
21
01:01:13,167 --> 01:01:16,310
are disappearing hand in hand.
22
01:01:16,334 --> 01:01:18,101
This is my land.
I'm standing on my land.
23
01:01:18,125 --> 01:01:19,351
You have no right!
24
01:01:19,375 --> 01:01:22,685
Our history tells us
we know how to fight.
25
01:01:22,709 --> 01:01:24,876
(all)
No mining on sacred sites!
26
01:01:26,999 --> 01:01:28,852
(Lyons)
They've been trying
to instruct the Indians
27
01:01:28,876 --> 01:01:32,310
to be capitalists
ever since they got here.
28
01:01:32,334 --> 01:01:35,310
But we don't value
what you value.
29
01:01:35,334 --> 01:01:37,935
(Kumar)
We own the land.
We own the water.
30
01:01:37,959 --> 01:01:40,477
We own the sky.
We own everything.
31
01:01:40,501 --> 01:01:45,268
We have to shift our attitude
of ownership of nature
32
01:01:45,292 --> 01:01:47,018
to relationship with nature.
33
01:01:47,042 --> 01:01:49,185
[all shouting]
34
01:01:49,209 --> 01:01:53,852
The moment you change
from ownership to relationship,
35
01:01:53,876 --> 01:01:56,810
you create a sense
of the sacred.
36
01:01:56,834 --> 01:01:58,727
(narrator)
In northern California,
37
01:01:58,751 --> 01:02:01,477
a tribe tries to hold on
to a stretch of river
38
01:02:01,501 --> 01:02:06,185
threatened by expansion of one
of the West's biggest dams.
39
01:02:06,209 --> 01:02:09,643
(Sisk)
This is not
a recreational area for us.
40
01:02:09,667 --> 01:02:11,976
This is a lifeway.
41
01:02:12,000 --> 01:02:13,768
Chook, Kairakan.
42
01:02:13,792 --> 01:02:16,393
(narrator)
And in the Russian Republic
of Altai,
43
01:02:16,417 --> 01:02:20,059
shamans and activists
confront a flood of tourists,
44
01:02:20,083 --> 01:02:23,727
a gas pipeline that would cut
through a World Heritage Site,
45
01:02:23,751 --> 01:02:27,435
and the destruction
of ancient burials.
46
01:02:27,459 --> 01:02:30,459
[speaking native language]
47
01:02:33,667 --> 01:02:36,894
(Lopez)
Traditional people
have a hold of a truth
48
01:02:36,918 --> 01:02:40,643
that we set aside
thousands of years ago.
49
01:02:40,667 --> 01:02:44,810
And it's not primitive;
it's profound.
50
01:02:44,834 --> 01:02:46,852
And it is not part of the past;
51
01:02:46,876 --> 01:02:48,959
it's part of the future.
52
01:02:51,542 --> 01:03:01,268
[gentle music]
53
01:03:01,292 --> 01:03:04,810
(female announcer)
Funding for theStanding
on Sacred Groundseries
54
01:03:04,834 --> 01:03:05,975
has been provided
55
01:03:05,999 --> 01:03:09,852
by the Corporation
for Public Broadcasting.
56
01:03:09,876 --> 01:03:13,751
Additional funding was provided
by the following:
57
01:03:33,000 --> 01:03:35,975
(narrator)
The largest country
in the world, Russia,
58
01:03:35,999 --> 01:03:39,226
is home to dozens
of indigenous cultures.
59
01:03:39,250 --> 01:03:41,810
One of the most secretive
and beautiful
60
01:03:41,834 --> 01:03:45,185
survived ancient invaders
and Soviet repression
61
01:03:45,209 --> 01:03:47,975
at the crossroads
of Central Asia:
62
01:03:47,999 --> 01:03:50,999
the mystical Altai Republic.
63
01:03:52,918 --> 01:03:59,975
[traditional acoustic music]
64
01:03:59,999 --> 01:04:03,018
[man throat-singing]
65
01:04:03,042 --> 01:04:11,042
♪ ♪
66
01:04:26,999 --> 01:04:30,310
(woman)
Life is lived in three realms,
67
01:04:30,334 --> 01:04:31,975
and the song
of the throat singer
68
01:04:31,999 --> 01:04:33,685
reaches them all.
69
01:04:33,709 --> 01:04:40,602
[throat-singing]
70
01:04:40,626 --> 01:04:45,560
(woman)
The low tone
is for the world below,
71
01:04:45,584 --> 01:04:50,185
the high for the realm above.
72
01:04:50,209 --> 01:04:52,101
In this middle ground,
73
01:04:52,125 --> 01:04:55,975
the spirit journeys
of singers, healers, and shamans
74
01:04:55,999 --> 01:04:59,167
bring the world into balance.
75
01:05:04,125 --> 01:05:07,876
(narrator)
The word "shaman"
originated in Siberia.
76
01:05:10,167 --> 01:05:13,999
Traces of human life here
go back to the Stone Age.
77
01:05:16,167 --> 01:05:19,894
When the Soviet Union
collapsed in 1991,
78
01:05:19,918 --> 01:05:22,975
the Altai Republic was born.
79
01:05:22,999 --> 01:05:25,518
The transition from
government ownership of land
80
01:05:25,542 --> 01:05:27,143
under Soviet control
81
01:05:27,167 --> 01:05:30,975
to a new Russian system
allowing privatization
82
01:05:30,999 --> 01:05:34,101
has left sensitive areas
vulnerable.
83
01:05:34,125 --> 01:05:37,975
So Altaians have created parks
on their own
84
01:05:37,999 --> 01:05:40,810
to protect history,
biodiversity,
85
01:05:40,834 --> 01:05:44,975
and their beliefs
about the land.
86
01:05:44,999 --> 01:05:47,685
At mountain passes
and river crossings,
87
01:05:47,709 --> 01:05:50,101
tying ribbons
is an act of gratitude
88
01:05:50,125 --> 01:05:52,167
to the spirits of place.
89
01:06:24,292 --> 01:06:27,292
[speaking native language]
90
01:06:41,167 --> 01:06:44,167
[speaking native language]
91
01:07:02,459 --> 01:07:05,727
(narrator)
Pilgrims still pray
in these mountains.
92
01:07:05,751 --> 01:07:08,477
But most tourists
come here to play.
93
01:07:08,501 --> 01:07:11,975
[traditional music playing]
94
01:07:11,999 --> 01:07:15,018
Foreign investment in Altai
as a place of adventure
95
01:07:15,042 --> 01:07:17,751
is causing a collision
of values.
96
01:07:20,999 --> 01:07:23,975
The founder of Altai's
first nature parks,
97
01:07:23,999 --> 01:07:27,018
Danil Mamyev is a geologist
98
01:07:27,042 --> 01:07:31,226
and a practitioner
of shamanic traditions.
99
01:07:31,250 --> 01:07:33,852
In both worlds,
he carries responsibilities
100
01:07:33,876 --> 01:07:36,709
for stones and mountains.
101
01:07:39,459 --> 01:07:42,059
Mapping sacred lands
to protect them,
102
01:07:42,083 --> 01:07:44,310
Mamyev hopes to minimize damage
103
01:07:44,334 --> 01:07:46,959
from the growing presence
of outsiders.
104
01:07:48,876 --> 01:07:51,560
This new
indigenous-protected area
105
01:07:51,584 --> 01:07:54,975
will regulate tourism
while ensuring community access
106
01:07:54,999 --> 01:07:57,975
to the sacred mountain
at the heart of the park,
107
01:07:57,999 --> 01:07:59,375
Uch Enmek.
108
01:08:46,999 --> 01:08:49,999
[Kezherekhov
speaking native language]
109
01:09:12,999 --> 01:09:15,310
(narrator)
Before approaching
the sacred mountain,
110
01:09:15,334 --> 01:09:17,975
Danil is blessed by Arzhan,
111
01:09:17,999 --> 01:09:21,101
a shaman who can see
into the three realms
112
01:09:21,125 --> 01:09:24,477
and remove obstacles
from the path.
113
01:09:24,501 --> 01:09:27,435
The fire is a doorway
to the spirit world,
114
01:09:27,459 --> 01:09:31,602
and milk is a pure offering
of gratitude.
115
01:09:31,626 --> 01:09:34,602
[throat-singing]
116
01:09:34,626 --> 01:09:40,250
♪ ♪
117
01:09:59,083 --> 01:10:02,083
[thunder booming]
118
01:11:16,792 --> 01:11:19,935
(narrator)
Russia's state energy company,
Gazprom,
119
01:11:19,959 --> 01:11:22,560
is planning to build
a natural gas pipeline
120
01:11:22,584 --> 01:11:25,310
directly across Altai's
fragile tundra
121
01:11:25,334 --> 01:11:27,185
and cultural sites,
122
01:11:27,209 --> 01:11:30,894
bisecting a UNESCO
World Heritage Site,
123
01:11:30,918 --> 01:11:33,852
the Ukok Plateau.
124
01:11:33,876 --> 01:11:36,059
The pipeline will open
the Chinese border
125
01:11:36,083 --> 01:11:39,351
for the first time,
creating an energy corridor
126
01:11:39,375 --> 01:11:42,501
to one of the world's
fastest-growing economies.
127
01:11:57,999 --> 01:11:59,975
(narrator)
A place for listening
and reflection,
128
01:11:59,999 --> 01:12:03,999
the Ukok Plateau is known
as a Quiet Zone.
129
01:12:05,999 --> 01:12:07,852
It is the source of great rivers
130
01:12:07,876 --> 01:12:10,101
that flow north
to the Arctic Ocean
131
01:12:10,125 --> 01:12:13,935
and home to the endangered
snow leopard.
132
01:12:13,959 --> 01:12:16,518
Burial kurgans
hide ancient heroes
133
01:12:16,542 --> 01:12:18,834
who are still honored today.
134
01:12:36,083 --> 01:12:39,685
(narrator)
Local opponents of the pipeline
organized protests
135
01:12:39,709 --> 01:12:43,101
that couldn't have taken place
under previous governments.
136
01:12:43,125 --> 01:12:46,727
Gazprom officials who came
to Altai for hearings
137
01:12:46,751 --> 01:12:48,918
were met with fierce resistance.
138
01:12:57,999 --> 01:13:00,999
[applause]
139
01:13:05,584 --> 01:13:08,584
[speaking native language]
140
01:13:33,584 --> 01:13:35,894
(narrator)
In Altai, Danil Mamyev
141
01:13:35,918 --> 01:13:38,935
envisioned a new model
for parks.
142
01:13:38,959 --> 01:13:43,226
Biodiversity and cultural sites
are both protected here,
143
01:13:43,250 --> 01:13:45,101
and local people
continue to live
144
01:13:45,125 --> 01:13:47,975
within the park boundaries.
145
01:13:47,999 --> 01:13:50,059
Park advocates race the clock
146
01:13:50,083 --> 01:13:52,810
as they work to propose
an alternate route
147
01:13:52,834 --> 01:13:55,125
for Gazprom's pipeline.
148
01:14:29,292 --> 01:14:32,143
(narrator)
Shamans and scientists
are working together
149
01:14:32,167 --> 01:14:33,975
to persuade
the Russian government
150
01:14:33,999 --> 01:14:35,268
to give legal protection
151
01:14:35,292 --> 01:14:39,018
to ancient cultural sites
and natural sites,
152
01:14:39,042 --> 01:14:42,292
sacred springs,
and healing rocks.
153
01:14:53,999 --> 01:14:56,999
[speaking native language]
154
01:15:18,250 --> 01:15:19,975
(narrator)
Altai was transformed
155
01:15:19,999 --> 01:15:23,643
after the 1917
Russian Revolution.
156
01:15:23,667 --> 01:15:27,143
Nomadic herders were forced
onto collective farms,
157
01:15:27,167 --> 01:15:31,059
resulting
in devastating famines.
158
01:15:31,083 --> 01:15:35,101
In the 1930s
under Joseph Stalin's iron grip,
159
01:15:35,125 --> 01:15:38,560
thousands of Altaians died
in political purges
160
01:15:38,584 --> 01:15:40,976
and labor camps.
161
01:15:41,000 --> 01:15:44,000
[speaking native language]
162
01:16:18,626 --> 01:16:21,560
(narrator)
Mainstream religions
and native mysticism
163
01:16:21,584 --> 01:16:24,643
were brutally repressed
in the Soviet Union.
164
01:16:24,667 --> 01:16:27,393
After examination
by Stalin's scientists
165
01:16:27,417 --> 01:16:30,018
for any supernatural abilities,
166
01:16:30,042 --> 01:16:32,894
shamans of Altai were killed,
167
01:16:32,918 --> 01:16:37,125
and their belongings were burned
or shipped off to museums.
168
01:17:24,792 --> 01:17:27,560
(narrator)
Drawn by Altai's
pristine beauty,
169
01:17:27,584 --> 01:17:32,834
visitors are mostly unaware
of local customs and taboos.
170
01:17:35,584 --> 01:17:39,167
Altai has been discovered.
171
01:17:40,876 --> 01:17:43,792
[laughter]
172
01:17:45,125 --> 01:17:47,975
Resorts for summer pleasure
and winter skiing
173
01:17:47,999 --> 01:17:51,959
are under construction
on newly privatized lands.
174
01:18:30,999 --> 01:18:32,975
(narrator)
Tourism creates new jobs
175
01:18:32,999 --> 01:18:37,375
and increases local pride
in Altai's culture and history.
176
01:18:41,042 --> 01:18:43,810
It's a mixed blessing.
177
01:18:43,834 --> 01:18:50,560
[man throat-singing]
178
01:18:50,584 --> 01:18:56,518
(narrator)
Westerners now come to Altai
as spiritual tourists.
179
01:18:56,542 --> 01:19:00,310
At Mount Beluka,
Altai's most sacred peak,
180
01:19:00,334 --> 01:19:02,975
European shamans
bring paying customers
181
01:19:02,999 --> 01:19:04,999
for healing ceremonies.
182
01:19:07,876 --> 01:19:09,975
(Ahamkara)
Everybody have
a different connection
183
01:19:09,999 --> 01:19:12,643
with the spirits from this area,
184
01:19:12,667 --> 01:19:16,685
and they find them self
how to do that.
185
01:19:16,709 --> 01:19:18,727
And I am very glad about
the people who come with me,
186
01:19:18,751 --> 01:19:22,560
because they really--
all of them is very open.
187
01:19:22,584 --> 01:19:25,975
They don't need knowledge
about history of the place.
188
01:19:25,999 --> 01:19:28,310
They need connection
with the spirits,
189
01:19:28,334 --> 01:19:30,751
connection with the nature.
190
01:19:35,000 --> 01:19:38,501
Now it is time for connection
with the spirit of the wolf.
191
01:19:40,501 --> 01:19:42,975
The wolf is coming for you
from the north.
192
01:19:42,999 --> 01:19:52,975
[tribal drumbeats]
193
01:19:52,999 --> 01:19:55,999
[whimpering]
194
01:20:01,999 --> 01:20:04,999
[all whimpering]
195
01:20:10,083 --> 01:20:11,768
(narrator)
Altaian shamans believe
196
01:20:11,792 --> 01:20:16,602
that imitation of their rituals
brings personal harm to visitors
197
01:20:16,626 --> 01:20:19,999
and spiritual pollution
to their sacred places.
198
01:20:34,667 --> 01:20:36,226
(narrator)
Pilgrim or tourist,
199
01:20:36,250 --> 01:20:39,975
the hunger to explore
and connect is universal.
200
01:20:39,999 --> 01:20:42,518
These guardians
of other sacred sites
201
01:20:42,542 --> 01:20:44,518
from all over central Asia
202
01:20:44,542 --> 01:20:47,768
come together to share ways
of engaging tourists
203
01:20:47,792 --> 01:20:50,999
in an intimate conversation
with nature.
204
01:21:06,792 --> 01:21:08,143
(narrator)
From Uch Enmek Mountain,
205
01:21:08,167 --> 01:21:11,393
they follow Danil Mamyev
on a pilgrimage
206
01:21:11,417 --> 01:21:14,250
into the heart of Altai.
207
01:21:57,792 --> 01:22:00,310
(narrator)
The delegation
of sacred site guardians
208
01:22:00,334 --> 01:22:02,101
follows the route
of the proposed
209
01:22:02,125 --> 01:22:06,167
natural gas pipeline
onto the Ukok Plateau.
210
01:22:08,834 --> 01:22:10,975
The local guardians
teach their guests
211
01:22:10,999 --> 01:22:13,310
to tie ribbons
and leave offerings
212
01:22:13,334 --> 01:22:15,393
as they approach
the burial kurgans
213
01:22:15,417 --> 01:22:18,975
of cultural heroes
thousands of years old,
214
01:22:18,999 --> 01:22:21,999
including the Ukok Princess.
215
01:22:25,959 --> 01:22:29,393
- Ukok, the place
where one can hear the heavens,
216
01:22:29,417 --> 01:22:31,894
was her resting place.
217
01:22:31,918 --> 01:22:35,393
Beautifully decorated
with tattoos,
218
01:22:35,417 --> 01:22:39,101
her real name lost
in the tall grass of time,
219
01:22:39,125 --> 01:22:42,518
we call her shaman or princess.
220
01:22:42,542 --> 01:22:46,975
We still feel the sadness
of her youthful passing.
221
01:22:46,999 --> 01:22:50,852
Our ancestors buried her
on the Ukok Plateau,
222
01:22:50,876 --> 01:22:53,975
surrounded by six horses.
223
01:22:53,999 --> 01:22:57,810
For 25 centuries,
she lay in peace
224
01:22:57,834 --> 01:23:02,584
in a leather casket carved
with images of snow leopards.
225
01:23:14,959 --> 01:23:17,976
(narrator)
An undisturbed kurgan
looks like a grassy hill,
226
01:23:18,000 --> 01:23:21,999
but it disguises
elaborate burial chambers.
227
01:23:34,999 --> 01:23:39,101
(narrator)
In 1993, without the knowledge
of local people,
228
01:23:39,125 --> 01:23:43,518
Russian archaeologists unearthed
the spectacular Ukok Princess
229
01:23:43,542 --> 01:23:46,975
from the permafrost
and took her to Moscow.
230
01:23:46,999 --> 01:23:49,101
After the kurgan was emptied,
231
01:23:49,125 --> 01:23:52,226
a major earthquake
rocked the region.
232
01:23:52,250 --> 01:23:55,459
Altaians demanded the return
of their ancestor.
233
01:24:18,083 --> 01:24:19,768
(narrator)
On the Plateau,
234
01:24:19,792 --> 01:24:23,226
the sacred site guardians
from Altai and central Asia
235
01:24:23,250 --> 01:24:25,975
reach the farthest point
of their journey,
236
01:24:25,999 --> 01:24:29,000
the kurgan of the Ukok Princess.
237
01:25:19,167 --> 01:25:20,667
Chook, Kairakan.
238
01:25:32,792 --> 01:25:34,292
Chook, Kairakan.
239
01:25:35,292 --> 01:25:36,999
Chook, Kairakan.
240
01:25:37,999 --> 01:25:39,751
Chook, Kairakan.
241
01:25:40,876 --> 01:25:42,393
(narrator)
At the empty grave,
242
01:25:42,417 --> 01:25:45,101
Maria Amanchina
and Danil Mamyev
243
01:25:45,125 --> 01:25:47,560
pray for the Ukok Princess
244
01:25:47,584 --> 01:25:51,167
and for the success of their
petition demanding her return.
245
01:26:43,834 --> 01:26:45,975
(Kumar)
Sacred site is because
246
01:26:45,999 --> 01:26:48,975
gods live
on the top of the hill
247
01:26:48,999 --> 01:26:51,185
because that's
a very peaceful place.
248
01:26:51,209 --> 01:26:53,059
No consumerism there.
249
01:26:53,083 --> 01:26:54,975
No shops there.
250
01:26:54,999 --> 01:26:57,059
No shopping malls there.
251
01:26:57,083 --> 01:27:01,268
So you are leaving
the world behind you
252
01:27:01,292 --> 01:27:05,000
to reach a place
of total calm and total peace.
253
01:27:06,999 --> 01:27:09,643
(LaDuke)
All peoples have origin stories
254
01:27:09,667 --> 01:27:11,975
and creation stories
255
01:27:11,999 --> 01:27:14,975
in which we're given a path,
256
01:27:14,999 --> 01:27:18,560
and we often
bumble around on it.
257
01:27:18,584 --> 01:27:20,101
But we usually find our way,
258
01:27:20,125 --> 01:27:22,975
and there's divine intervention
at many times
259
01:27:22,999 --> 01:27:24,975
in our peoples' histories.
260
01:27:24,999 --> 01:27:26,560
And in that divine intervention,
261
01:27:26,584 --> 01:27:29,975
there is also often a place
262
01:27:29,999 --> 01:27:32,560
where we are instructed
to go to find something,
263
01:27:32,584 --> 01:27:35,185
to clarify our path,
to be healed,
264
01:27:35,209 --> 01:27:37,975
to know our direction,
to get our food,
265
01:27:37,999 --> 01:27:40,226
to be instructed.
266
01:27:40,250 --> 01:27:43,975
And those
are our sacred places.
267
01:27:43,999 --> 01:27:45,975
(Lopez)
There is this great hunger
268
01:27:45,999 --> 01:27:49,643
in Euro-American societies
for intimacy.
269
01:27:49,667 --> 01:27:53,226
When you're in the landscapes
270
01:27:53,250 --> 01:27:54,976
that are defined
by traditional people,
271
01:27:55,000 --> 01:27:56,975
there's intimacy of every sort.
272
01:27:56,999 --> 01:27:58,685
How did they get that?
273
01:27:58,709 --> 01:28:02,685
Or more importantly, what are
they doing not to lose that?
274
01:28:02,709 --> 01:28:04,975
With intimacy comes strength.
275
01:28:04,999 --> 01:28:07,643
And people who feel
their own dignity
276
01:28:07,667 --> 01:28:11,125
and a sense of self-worth
can accomplish anything.
277
01:28:12,792 --> 01:28:14,975
(Lyons)
In fact, the whole Earth
is sacred.
278
01:28:14,999 --> 01:28:16,852
It's your mother altogether.
279
01:28:16,876 --> 01:28:19,351
And I don't care where you are;
280
01:28:19,375 --> 01:28:21,459
there's no place
that's not special.
281
01:28:24,167 --> 01:28:25,810
And we use the word "sacred."
282
01:28:25,834 --> 01:28:26,975
That's not an Indian word.
283
01:28:26,999 --> 01:28:28,975
That comes from Europe,
284
01:28:28,999 --> 01:28:31,852
comes from your churches.
285
01:28:31,876 --> 01:28:32,976
We have our own ways,
286
01:28:33,000 --> 01:28:36,268
and we have our own way
to say things.
287
01:28:36,292 --> 01:28:40,560
The way we use it,
it's a place to be respected.
288
01:28:40,584 --> 01:28:43,584
[people singing
in native language]
289
01:28:46,959 --> 01:28:48,560
(narrator)
In northern California
290
01:28:48,584 --> 01:28:51,935
along a river that flows
from Mount Shasta,
291
01:28:51,959 --> 01:28:55,560
the Winnemem Wintu tribe
resists the ruin of a landscape
292
01:28:55,584 --> 01:29:00,226
that is home
to 1,000 years of ceremony.
293
01:29:00,250 --> 01:29:04,143
If the U.S. government
raises the height of Shasta Dam,
294
01:29:04,167 --> 01:29:05,975
the flooding of a scenic river
295
01:29:05,999 --> 01:29:09,018
and the site of an ancient
coming-of-age ritual
296
01:29:09,042 --> 01:29:12,310
could extinguish
the Winnemem culture.
297
01:29:12,334 --> 01:29:14,435
(woman)
Because this is
our reliable water source,
298
01:29:14,459 --> 01:29:16,852
what they're looking at
is finding other ways
299
01:29:16,876 --> 01:29:19,935
to be able to meet
the population growth
300
01:29:19,959 --> 01:29:20,975
and be able to provide
301
01:29:20,999 --> 01:29:23,792
that reliable water source
for everyone.
302
01:29:25,042 --> 01:29:27,435
(Sisk)
We're running out of river.
303
01:29:27,459 --> 01:29:30,975
It's a thought
that we can hardly tolerate.
304
01:29:30,999 --> 01:29:32,975
But hopefully there'll be
good people in the world
305
01:29:32,999 --> 01:29:36,975
who understand this and realize
that dams are not the answer
306
01:29:36,999 --> 01:29:39,876
to the world's water shortage.
307
01:29:42,209 --> 01:29:45,310
(narrator)
Caleen Sisk is the chief
and spiritual leader
308
01:29:45,334 --> 01:29:47,975
of a nation of 125 people.
309
01:29:47,999 --> 01:29:51,351
They fight to save
the waters of the world
310
01:29:51,375 --> 01:29:53,059
not with weapons of war
311
01:29:53,083 --> 01:29:57,602
but with dance, song,
and ceremony.
312
01:29:57,626 --> 01:30:00,602
[serene acoustic music]
313
01:30:00,626 --> 01:30:08,626
♪ ♪
314
01:30:19,999 --> 01:30:23,975
(Sisk)
We believe that this spring
is so sacred,
315
01:30:23,999 --> 01:30:26,435
we only go up there once a year
316
01:30:26,459 --> 01:30:30,975
to sing at the doorway
of our creation story
317
01:30:30,999 --> 01:30:32,975
and let the mountain know,
let the spring know
318
01:30:32,999 --> 01:30:36,727
that we're still doing our jobs
as was given to us.
319
01:30:36,751 --> 01:30:41,059
That's what we promised
when we were put on Earth,
320
01:30:41,083 --> 01:30:42,518
is that we'll always go there.
321
01:30:42,542 --> 01:30:43,935
We'll sing to it
322
01:30:43,959 --> 01:30:47,393
and make sure that we're doing
as much as we can
323
01:30:47,417 --> 01:30:51,602
for all the water,
all the way down to the oceans.
324
01:30:51,626 --> 01:30:54,602
[people singing
in native language]
325
01:30:54,626 --> 01:31:02,709
♪ ♪
326
01:31:07,501 --> 01:31:09,894
It's hard for a person
to realize about
327
01:31:09,918 --> 01:31:15,101
being out
in a pristine, sensitive area
328
01:31:15,125 --> 01:31:19,643
when they grow up
and all they have is sidewalks.
329
01:31:19,667 --> 01:31:21,143
They don't understand
330
01:31:21,167 --> 01:31:24,768
that this is where
their water comes from.
331
01:31:24,792 --> 01:31:28,351
They turn their tap on,
and they get water,
332
01:31:28,375 --> 01:31:31,935
but they don't realize that all
of the upper watershed
333
01:31:31,959 --> 01:31:34,727
is where that water comes from.
334
01:31:34,751 --> 01:31:37,727
[woman singing
in native language]
335
01:31:37,751 --> 01:31:45,751
♪ ♪
336
01:31:56,792 --> 01:32:00,727
People can live without oil,
they can live without gold,
337
01:32:00,751 --> 01:32:03,542
but nothing can live
without water.
338
01:32:08,626 --> 01:32:10,976
(narrator)
The middle water people,
or Winnemem,
339
01:32:11,000 --> 01:32:13,894
took their name from a river.
340
01:32:13,918 --> 01:32:17,975
Their territory extended
from the spring on Mount Shasta
341
01:32:17,999 --> 01:32:21,375
all the way down the river,
renamed the McCloud.
342
01:32:25,626 --> 01:32:28,975
Thousands lived in
the densely populated watershed,
343
01:32:28,999 --> 01:32:31,727
rich with salmon and acorns,
344
01:32:31,751 --> 01:32:34,975
until newcomers brought
devastating disease
345
01:32:34,999 --> 01:32:38,059
and gold rush-era violence.
346
01:32:38,083 --> 01:32:41,226
In the 20th century,
the remnants of the tribe
347
01:32:41,250 --> 01:32:43,975
and the once-famous
McCloud River salmon
348
01:32:43,999 --> 01:32:46,435
lost their homes to Shasta Dam
349
01:32:46,459 --> 01:32:49,292
and the largest reservoir
in California.
350
01:32:53,167 --> 01:32:54,975
(woman)
It's pretty magnificent,
isn't it?
351
01:32:54,999 --> 01:32:57,059
602 feet high,
352
01:32:57,083 --> 01:33:00,143
and Shasta Dam
is 883 feet thick.
353
01:33:00,167 --> 01:33:02,226
And one of the main reasons
354
01:33:02,250 --> 01:33:05,226
for looking
at raising Shasta Dam
355
01:33:05,250 --> 01:33:08,975
is the fact that there's only
so much water on this Earth.
356
01:33:08,999 --> 01:33:13,435
By 2025, they project
there will be 50 million people
357
01:33:13,459 --> 01:33:15,310
living in California.
358
01:33:15,334 --> 01:33:17,602
We're not gonna have
enough water for everyone.
359
01:33:17,626 --> 01:33:19,185
So they are looking at options.
360
01:33:19,209 --> 01:33:21,999
One of the options
is raising Shasta Dam.
361
01:33:23,999 --> 01:33:27,727
(Person)
The paradox of water supply
and water demand in California
362
01:33:27,751 --> 01:33:30,935
is that the vast majority
of precipitation
363
01:33:30,959 --> 01:33:33,935
occurs in the far northern
portion of the state
364
01:33:33,959 --> 01:33:36,685
and the demand is in the
southern portion of the state.
365
01:33:36,709 --> 01:33:40,518
So dams help to bridge
that paradox.
366
01:33:40,542 --> 01:33:42,268
It's what makes
the growing season
367
01:33:42,292 --> 01:33:44,167
possible in California.
368
01:33:46,918 --> 01:33:48,310
(narrator)
Raising Shasta Dam
369
01:33:48,334 --> 01:33:50,185
would allow
Central Valley farmers
370
01:33:50,209 --> 01:33:53,727
to buy taxpayer-subsidized water
and resell it
371
01:33:53,751 --> 01:33:57,083
at a substantial profit
to Southern California cities.
372
01:33:59,042 --> 01:34:02,518
Cheap water from Shasta Lake
has made the desert bloom
373
01:34:02,542 --> 01:34:06,310
for the last 70 years.
374
01:34:06,334 --> 01:34:09,226
When the federal government
built the Central Valley Project
375
01:34:09,250 --> 01:34:10,935
in the 1930s,
376
01:34:10,959 --> 01:34:13,810
the keystone was Shasta Dam.
377
01:34:13,834 --> 01:34:17,268
The need for power generation,
flood control,
378
01:34:17,292 --> 01:34:19,975
and a steady supply
for thirsty farmlands
379
01:34:19,999 --> 01:34:23,185
was unquestioned.
380
01:34:23,209 --> 01:34:25,975
Migrating salmon
were permanently blocked
381
01:34:25,999 --> 01:34:28,727
from reaching
their spawning grounds.
382
01:34:28,751 --> 01:34:32,226
And when the water began
to back up behind the new dam,
383
01:34:32,250 --> 01:34:34,975
dozens of Winnemem villages
and burial grounds
384
01:34:34,999 --> 01:34:38,167
on the McCloud River
disappeared from the map.
385
01:34:40,334 --> 01:34:42,518
Racing the waters
of Shasta Lake,
386
01:34:42,542 --> 01:34:44,810
government agents dug up
family plots
387
01:34:44,834 --> 01:34:46,518
along the McCloud River
388
01:34:46,542 --> 01:34:49,351
and reburied the bodies
in a segregated cemetery
389
01:34:49,375 --> 01:34:51,975
on higher ground.
390
01:34:51,999 --> 01:34:54,685
But the living Winnemem
were given no land
391
01:34:54,709 --> 01:34:57,167
to replace their lost homes.
392
01:34:58,626 --> 01:35:02,143
(Sisk)
So the loss was more than just
393
01:35:02,167 --> 01:35:06,268
26 miles of our sacred places
and our dance grounds
394
01:35:06,292 --> 01:35:09,185
and a way of life
that had been known
395
01:35:09,209 --> 01:35:11,727
by the older people in my tribe,
396
01:35:11,751 --> 01:35:15,602
but we also lost
a lot of dignity
397
01:35:15,626 --> 01:35:18,975
that came with being
run out of our homeland
398
01:35:18,999 --> 01:35:20,959
and no place to go.
399
01:35:30,999 --> 01:35:34,727
(narrator)
When they reburied
their dead here in the 1940s,
400
01:35:34,751 --> 01:35:38,018
the Winnemem
were acknowledged as a tribe.
401
01:35:38,042 --> 01:35:40,894
But in the 1980s,
the U.S. government
402
01:35:40,918 --> 01:35:44,975
left the Winnemem off the list
of federally recognized tribes,
403
01:35:44,999 --> 01:35:47,268
taking away their right
to the cemetery
404
01:35:47,292 --> 01:35:51,975
and their voice in the decision
on raising Shasta Dam.
405
01:35:51,999 --> 01:35:54,727
(Sisk)
And I don't know why the
government can't recognize us.
406
01:35:54,751 --> 01:35:57,268
You know,
they know we've been here
407
01:35:57,292 --> 01:35:59,185
from day one.
408
01:35:59,209 --> 01:36:01,602
And we're not going away.
409
01:36:01,626 --> 01:36:02,768
(Nilsson)
If you could give me
410
01:36:02,792 --> 01:36:04,768
what your major concerns
would be
411
01:36:04,792 --> 01:36:07,727
regarding the dam raise...
412
01:36:07,751 --> 01:36:10,101
(narrator)
Working for
the Bureau of Reclamation,
413
01:36:10,125 --> 01:36:12,894
an ethnologist
must document sites
414
01:36:12,918 --> 01:36:15,976
the proposed government project
could destroy.
415
01:36:16,000 --> 01:36:18,852
(Sisk)
On this side over here
where the trees come down
416
01:36:18,876 --> 01:36:20,810
and on that side
where the creek comes in,
417
01:36:20,834 --> 01:36:22,602
there's burials up there.
418
01:36:22,626 --> 01:36:23,975
Folks that were
massacred here,
419
01:36:23,999 --> 01:36:25,975
are they still in this area?
420
01:36:25,999 --> 01:36:27,975
Or were they part of what's
already been relocated?
421
01:36:27,999 --> 01:36:29,975
No, they're still here.
422
01:36:29,999 --> 01:36:31,209
They're still here.
423
01:36:34,334 --> 01:36:36,727
And would they--
are their locations subject
424
01:36:36,751 --> 01:36:38,975
to the proposed
project area?
425
01:36:38,999 --> 01:36:40,975
- Yes.
- Okay.
426
01:36:40,999 --> 01:36:44,310
(Sisk)
This will devastate the Winnemem
427
01:36:44,334 --> 01:36:46,185
a second time.
428
01:36:46,209 --> 01:36:47,975
The United States
goes all over the world
429
01:36:47,999 --> 01:36:49,852
to protect and give freedom
430
01:36:49,876 --> 01:36:53,351
to indigenous peoples.
431
01:36:53,375 --> 01:36:58,310
But right here
in their own backyard,
432
01:36:58,334 --> 01:37:02,417
nothing is sacred here.
433
01:37:03,459 --> 01:37:06,459
[hooves rattling]
434
01:37:14,459 --> 01:37:16,792
[fire crackling]
435
01:37:21,083 --> 01:37:23,560
(Sisk)
Sacred places
are being destroyed.
436
01:37:23,584 --> 01:37:25,518
It's not just happening here.
437
01:37:25,542 --> 01:37:27,435
Things are changing
in our world
438
01:37:27,459 --> 01:37:31,518
that take away
from the health of our lands,
439
01:37:31,542 --> 01:37:33,268
the health of our waters.
440
01:37:33,292 --> 01:37:36,268
[men chanting]
441
01:37:36,292 --> 01:37:44,292
♪ ♪
442
01:37:52,667 --> 01:37:55,268
(Wilson)
People don't understand
how our religion works
443
01:37:55,292 --> 01:37:56,727
when we have
these places of power
444
01:37:56,751 --> 01:37:58,268
or places of prayer
445
01:37:58,292 --> 01:38:01,185
that are out in the open
and out in nature,
446
01:38:01,209 --> 01:38:03,810
and it really doesn't mean
that much to them,
447
01:38:03,834 --> 01:38:04,999
but to us, it does.
448
01:38:06,999 --> 01:38:09,810
We dance for the land,
and we dance for animals,
449
01:38:09,834 --> 01:38:10,975
and we dance for the people,
450
01:38:10,999 --> 01:38:14,226
and we dance
for Mother Earth itself.
451
01:38:14,250 --> 01:38:21,975
[men chanting]
452
01:38:21,999 --> 01:38:24,643
(Sisk)
We don't want
to be just surviving,
453
01:38:24,667 --> 01:38:27,975
but we want to be thriving.
454
01:38:27,999 --> 01:38:31,602
We are trying to be happy again
455
01:38:31,626 --> 01:38:33,894
and building back
all of the things
456
01:38:33,918 --> 01:38:36,584
that my dad and mom
were robbed of.
457
01:38:39,999 --> 01:38:41,643
(woman)
Around the world,
458
01:38:41,667 --> 01:38:45,226
20 sacred peaks
hold the Earth together,
459
01:38:45,250 --> 01:38:47,560
and 20 sacred springs
460
01:38:47,584 --> 01:38:51,268
give young healers
their gifts of power.
461
01:38:51,292 --> 01:38:53,894
If the people forget
to come to these places
462
01:38:53,918 --> 01:38:56,143
and sing and do ceremony,
463
01:38:56,167 --> 01:38:58,143
the spirits die,
464
01:38:58,167 --> 01:39:00,999
and Nature thinks
we don't need her anymore.
465
01:39:04,834 --> 01:39:06,602
Been down
at the gate long?
466
01:39:06,626 --> 01:39:09,101
[laughter]
467
01:39:09,125 --> 01:39:12,185
(narrator)
In 2007,
shamans and throat singers
468
01:39:12,209 --> 01:39:14,810
from the Altai Republic
of Russia
469
01:39:14,834 --> 01:39:18,226
came to the United States
to meet the Winnemem.
470
01:39:18,250 --> 01:39:20,351
[laughter]
471
01:39:20,375 --> 01:39:22,894
Like many travelers before them,
472
01:39:22,918 --> 01:39:26,435
they felt the pull of pilgrimage
to Mount Shasta.
473
01:39:26,459 --> 01:39:29,518
(Sisk)
My people lived
all the way up the river,
474
01:39:29,542 --> 01:39:32,975
and that's how we survived,
was the salmon.
475
01:39:32,999 --> 01:39:34,477
And then
they completed this
476
01:39:34,501 --> 01:39:36,975
during World War II
while our people...
477
01:39:36,999 --> 01:39:38,393
(narrator)
Sharing common fears
478
01:39:38,417 --> 01:39:41,310
of losing sacred ground
to government projects,
479
01:39:41,334 --> 01:39:45,852
the Altaians and Winnemem are
linked in an indigenous network.
480
01:39:45,876 --> 01:39:48,185
Help you, somehow.
481
01:39:48,209 --> 01:39:50,768
And that's
the greater alliance
482
01:39:50,792 --> 01:39:54,018
for Mother Earth, you know,
that we're really looking for,
483
01:39:54,042 --> 01:39:57,226
because whatever happens
to our water
484
01:39:57,250 --> 01:39:58,999
happens to your water.
485
01:40:03,375 --> 01:40:06,727
We're a poor people here
financially.
486
01:40:06,751 --> 01:40:09,751
[man speaking native language]
487
01:40:11,876 --> 01:40:13,975
But we're one
of the richest tribes
488
01:40:13,999 --> 01:40:16,226
traditionally and culturally.
489
01:40:16,250 --> 01:40:19,250
[man speaking native language]
490
01:40:27,042 --> 01:40:28,768
(narrator)
In similar rituals,
491
01:40:28,792 --> 01:40:31,226
shamans from opposite sides
of the Earth
492
01:40:31,250 --> 01:40:34,975
use fire, water,
prayer, and song
493
01:40:34,999 --> 01:40:36,876
to touch the spirit world.
494
01:40:38,584 --> 01:40:41,975
In both countries, they have
witnessed environmental changes
495
01:40:41,999 --> 01:40:44,459
affecting the snows and springs.
496
01:40:47,999 --> 01:40:50,310
They were all unprepared
for what they found
497
01:40:50,334 --> 01:40:52,975
at the Winnemem spring
on Mount Shasta.
498
01:40:52,999 --> 01:40:55,876
[speaking native language]
499
01:41:00,918 --> 01:41:03,894
[singing in native language]
500
01:41:03,918 --> 01:41:11,918
♪ ♪
501
01:41:23,959 --> 01:41:26,975
There's not a story
in our backgrounds
502
01:41:26,999 --> 01:41:31,477
that tells us of a time
that this ever dried up.
503
01:41:31,501 --> 01:41:33,667
This is the very first time.
504
01:41:36,000 --> 01:41:39,101
Waters of the world
are disappearing.
505
01:41:39,125 --> 01:41:42,435
The government of this country
506
01:41:42,459 --> 01:41:45,310
has no way
of understanding this.
507
01:41:45,334 --> 01:41:48,852
This is a sacred spring.
508
01:41:48,876 --> 01:41:52,185
This has been here
from when time began.
509
01:41:52,209 --> 01:41:54,351
And so for hard times
like these,
510
01:41:54,375 --> 01:41:56,417
we're gonna have
to get ready.
511
01:42:03,751 --> 01:42:06,018
We're gonna have to fight
a little harder
512
01:42:06,042 --> 01:42:08,685
and do a little more.
513
01:42:08,709 --> 01:42:10,852
It'll take a lot of tears
of the Winnemem people
514
01:42:10,876 --> 01:42:12,975
to fill this spring back up.
515
01:42:12,999 --> 01:42:15,643
This is our doorway back home.
516
01:42:15,667 --> 01:42:17,709
This is where we came from.
517
01:42:19,999 --> 01:42:24,643
[woman crying]
It's like our mother's gone.
518
01:42:24,667 --> 01:42:26,477
I pray to be strong.
519
01:42:26,501 --> 01:42:30,226
I pray for the spring
to come back.
520
01:42:30,250 --> 01:42:32,375
Please don't leave us.
521
01:42:36,834 --> 01:42:39,810
[man throat-singing]
522
01:42:39,834 --> 01:42:47,834
♪ ♪
523
01:42:55,375 --> 01:42:59,101
(Lyons)
We've affected
the patterns of the Earth,
524
01:42:59,125 --> 01:43:01,975
and we're going
to suffer that consequence.
525
01:43:01,999 --> 01:43:07,852
[people singing
in native language]
526
01:43:07,876 --> 01:43:10,975
Where we've lost our way,
I think, as a human species,
527
01:43:10,999 --> 01:43:14,976
we've lost the understanding
and therefore lost the respect.
528
01:43:15,000 --> 01:43:18,975
But pockets of indigenous people
have hung on to that,
529
01:43:18,999 --> 01:43:23,435
and we're truly
an endangered species.
530
01:43:23,459 --> 01:43:26,810
At the same time, you know,
you see people
531
01:43:26,834 --> 01:43:30,975
who retained connection
532
01:43:30,999 --> 01:43:33,101
and never forgot
533
01:43:33,125 --> 01:43:38,602
or somehow, as is in many
of our prophecies,
534
01:43:38,626 --> 01:43:43,560
woke back up and remembered,
535
01:43:43,584 --> 01:43:46,667
and those people remain
on these front lines.
536
01:43:52,626 --> 01:43:55,518
(narrator)
The Winnemem have sued
the federal government
537
01:43:55,542 --> 01:43:58,310
for failure to protect
their sacred sites
538
01:43:58,334 --> 01:44:00,602
and asked
the California legislature
539
01:44:00,626 --> 01:44:03,185
to support tribal recognition.
540
01:44:03,209 --> 01:44:06,975
(Huffman)
This resolution
was simply the opportunity
541
01:44:06,999 --> 01:44:08,894
for us to right
a historic wrong,
542
01:44:08,918 --> 01:44:10,143
to help right
a historic wrong,
543
01:44:10,167 --> 01:44:11,602
by urging
the federal government
544
01:44:11,626 --> 01:44:13,518
to stop ignoring this tribe.
545
01:44:13,542 --> 01:44:14,976
You had a question?
546
01:44:15,000 --> 01:44:17,975
(Sisk)
We are now a part
of your history.
547
01:44:17,999 --> 01:44:21,185
And all we're asking is,
is that you allow us
548
01:44:21,209 --> 01:44:23,727
to continue on into the future
549
01:44:23,751 --> 01:44:27,268
carrying our things
that are important to us.
550
01:44:27,292 --> 01:44:29,185
[people murmuring]
551
01:44:29,209 --> 01:44:31,018
(Huffman)
You guys are
an inconvenient tribe
552
01:44:31,042 --> 01:44:32,602
for the federal government,
553
01:44:32,626 --> 01:44:34,602
and that would be
my framing on this,
554
01:44:34,626 --> 01:44:36,101
that you are in the wrong place
555
01:44:36,125 --> 01:44:38,894
when it comes to their plans
for Shasta Dam,
556
01:44:38,918 --> 01:44:41,685
and so they've decided
to ignore you out of existence.
557
01:44:41,709 --> 01:44:44,727
[people singing
in native language]
558
01:44:44,751 --> 01:44:48,268
(Wilson)
We got a tribe of this
small little group of people
559
01:44:48,292 --> 01:44:51,894
are gonna fight this big
United States government.
560
01:44:51,918 --> 01:44:53,709
We're not gonna go down
without a fight.
561
01:44:55,751 --> 01:44:59,059
(narrator)
In 2004, inspired by a vision,
562
01:44:59,083 --> 01:45:02,768
the Winnemem held a War Dance
in full view of their adversary,
563
01:45:02,792 --> 01:45:04,975
Shasta Dam.
564
01:45:04,999 --> 01:45:08,018
[people chanting]
565
01:45:08,042 --> 01:45:09,975
For four days and nights,
566
01:45:09,999 --> 01:45:12,975
they fasted and danced
in spiritual warfare
567
01:45:12,999 --> 01:45:15,143
for the first time since 1880,
568
01:45:15,167 --> 01:45:17,975
when their ancestors
confronted government agents
569
01:45:17,999 --> 01:45:19,975
who had taken over
their fishing grounds
570
01:45:19,999 --> 01:45:22,975
on the McCloud River.
571
01:45:22,999 --> 01:45:25,975
(Wilson)
Way back when,
that was something that we did
572
01:45:25,999 --> 01:45:28,393
when something threatened
our way of life,
573
01:45:28,417 --> 01:45:31,417
and we were ready
for the ultimate battle.
574
01:45:33,709 --> 01:45:34,852
(Sisk)
That was our river.
575
01:45:34,876 --> 01:45:38,560
We lived there
for thousands of years.
576
01:45:38,584 --> 01:45:41,643
And somehow it got away from us.
577
01:45:41,667 --> 01:45:45,894
And so today
we don't own any land
578
01:45:45,918 --> 01:45:46,999
on the McCloud River.
579
01:45:49,501 --> 01:45:52,351
(man)
On the top left
is the symbol that it'll use.
580
01:45:52,375 --> 01:45:53,602
So on this--
581
01:45:53,626 --> 01:45:56,059
right now on this unit,
it's a little fish.
582
01:45:56,083 --> 01:45:58,059
It's a fish!
583
01:45:58,083 --> 01:46:00,667
[people conversing indistinctly]
584
01:46:01,999 --> 01:46:04,268
(woman)
"A free computer program
that enables users
585
01:46:04,292 --> 01:46:06,602
to create maps
over a base map of the world."
586
01:46:06,626 --> 01:46:08,101
I'm gonna say Google Earth?
587
01:46:08,125 --> 01:46:09,768
- Got it!
- Oh.
588
01:46:09,792 --> 01:46:11,975
- Yay!
- Wait, team number what?
589
01:46:11,999 --> 01:46:13,143
[laughter]
590
01:46:13,167 --> 01:46:16,852
(man)
So the way a GPS unit works is,
591
01:46:16,876 --> 01:46:20,975
each of these little receivers
is communicating with satellites
592
01:46:20,999 --> 01:46:23,351
that are floating
above us somewhere...
593
01:46:23,375 --> 01:46:25,185
(narrator)
Determined to preserve access
594
01:46:25,209 --> 01:46:28,059
to their sacred sites
for future generations,
595
01:46:28,083 --> 01:46:32,393
the Winnemem create new maps
from old tribal records.
596
01:46:32,417 --> 01:46:34,975
(Sisk)
Many of these villages
are under the lake now.
597
01:46:34,999 --> 01:46:37,435
So the government
has effectively
598
01:46:37,459 --> 01:46:39,101
taken us off the map.
599
01:46:39,125 --> 01:46:40,975
We have to get back on the map.
600
01:46:40,999 --> 01:46:44,685
We have to get back
in the public view to say,
601
01:46:44,709 --> 01:46:47,292
this territory is Winnemem.
602
01:46:48,999 --> 01:46:51,125
(man)
We're gonna go
to Two Sisters today...
603
01:46:52,834 --> 01:46:55,310
(narrator)
Mapping covers more
than geography and history.
604
01:46:55,334 --> 01:46:56,975
(Sisk)
Got to know these things.
605
01:46:56,999 --> 01:46:58,685
(narrator)
It helps the tribe pass on
606
01:46:58,709 --> 01:47:02,018
traditional knowledge
of their spiritual landscape
607
01:47:02,042 --> 01:47:06,459
and allows the Winnemem to keep
sensitive information private.
608
01:47:10,334 --> 01:47:14,852
(Sisk)
This is Klut-Sohn,
which is Eagle Rock.
609
01:47:14,876 --> 01:47:16,894
You can come here
and be right here,
610
01:47:16,918 --> 01:47:20,477
and then that eagle spirit
comes out and helps you.
611
01:47:20,501 --> 01:47:24,768
It's kind of like the protector
of the whole river.
612
01:47:24,792 --> 01:47:26,477
(narrator)
The youth of the tribe
613
01:47:26,501 --> 01:47:29,975
are especially concerned
about a medicine-grinding rock
614
01:47:29,999 --> 01:47:32,975
needed for their
coming-of-age rituals.
615
01:47:32,999 --> 01:47:35,727
Shasta Lake already covers
Puberty Rock
616
01:47:35,751 --> 01:47:38,226
for much of the year.
617
01:47:38,250 --> 01:47:39,643
(man)
I think Puberty Rock
618
01:47:39,667 --> 01:47:41,477
is in between that rock
and that bush,
619
01:47:41,501 --> 01:47:43,768
right where that tree is,
almost, kind of.
620
01:47:43,792 --> 01:47:45,167
Yeah, looks good to me.
621
01:47:47,999 --> 01:47:50,226
What's the accuracy?
622
01:47:50,250 --> 01:47:53,351
Give or take 16 feet.
623
01:47:53,375 --> 01:47:55,810
Call it P. Rock.
624
01:47:55,834 --> 01:47:57,268
(narrator)
If the dam is raised,
625
01:47:57,292 --> 01:47:59,768
the rock may be underwater
permanently.
626
01:47:59,792 --> 01:48:03,185
(man)
Oh, look up there.
Look at that.
627
01:48:03,209 --> 01:48:06,975
- Is it an eagle?
- Yeah, the eagle.
628
01:48:06,999 --> 01:48:10,185
(Sisk)
We believe that Puberty Rock
has a purpose,
629
01:48:10,209 --> 01:48:12,975
that all of these places
have a purpose.
630
01:48:12,999 --> 01:48:16,810
And if they're not used,
then they go dormant.
631
01:48:16,834 --> 01:48:18,643
And if they go dormant,
632
01:48:18,667 --> 01:48:26,852
then the energies
that are in them dies.
633
01:48:26,876 --> 01:48:29,894
(Wilson)
We were put down here
to take care of the land,
634
01:48:29,918 --> 01:48:31,852
take care of Mother Earth.
635
01:48:31,876 --> 01:48:33,268
When the dam raises,
636
01:48:33,292 --> 01:48:34,975
a lot of the places
will be under the water.
637
01:48:34,999 --> 01:48:37,975
And if they're under the water,
we can't get to them.
638
01:48:37,999 --> 01:48:40,999
You know, we can't dance--
can't dance underwater.
639
01:48:42,375 --> 01:48:44,351
(Person)
Certainly there are trade-offs.
640
01:48:44,375 --> 01:48:46,894
We are very much aware
of the concerns
641
01:48:46,918 --> 01:48:49,101
that the Winnemem Wintu
have raised
642
01:48:49,125 --> 01:48:51,435
with the enlargement
of Shasta Dam.
643
01:48:51,459 --> 01:48:54,975
There are some environmentally
and culturally sensitive areas
644
01:48:54,999 --> 01:48:58,894
that must be examined
and that must be resolved.
645
01:48:58,918 --> 01:49:02,975
Ultimately, the Congress
will authorize construction
646
01:49:02,999 --> 01:49:06,334
of the dam raise,
or they will not.
647
01:49:08,000 --> 01:49:11,560
(Sisk)
What we're gonna do
is smoke off your hats,
648
01:49:11,584 --> 01:49:13,518
and then you're gonna
take it out to the falls
649
01:49:13,542 --> 01:49:15,975
and run the water in it.
650
01:49:15,999 --> 01:49:17,351
This is our sacred water.
651
01:49:17,375 --> 01:49:20,334
All good things
should come from that.
652
01:49:24,751 --> 01:49:25,976
[people conversing indistinctly]
653
01:49:26,000 --> 01:49:27,810
(narrator)
In the Winnemem way,
654
01:49:27,834 --> 01:49:31,975
girls come of age in
a four-day initiation ceremony.
655
01:49:31,999 --> 01:49:34,059
Across the river from the tribe,
656
01:49:34,083 --> 01:49:36,685
they pray and practice
traditional tasks
657
01:49:36,709 --> 01:49:39,143
near the medicine rock
that anchors the ritual
658
01:49:39,167 --> 01:49:40,876
to this spot.
659
01:49:42,999 --> 01:49:46,018
At the start
of the ceremony in 2010,
660
01:49:46,042 --> 01:49:47,975
the rock was still underwater
661
01:49:47,999 --> 01:49:50,810
at the foot
of the Two Sister mountains.
662
01:49:50,834 --> 01:49:52,975
The tribe went ahead anyway,
663
01:49:52,999 --> 01:49:55,852
hoping the release of water
from Shasta Dam
664
01:49:55,876 --> 01:49:57,226
would lower the lake enough
665
01:49:57,250 --> 01:50:00,059
for the ceremony
to be completed.
666
01:50:00,083 --> 01:50:01,435
(Wilson)
It's the crossing
667
01:50:01,459 --> 01:50:05,975
of being a child
into a young adult.
668
01:50:05,999 --> 01:50:08,351
I think that's one of the things
that society
669
01:50:08,375 --> 01:50:10,310
or people don't do anymore.
670
01:50:10,334 --> 01:50:12,268
And I think
it makes a difference
671
01:50:12,292 --> 01:50:13,894
on how the kids act
672
01:50:13,918 --> 01:50:18,518
and how they treat their parents
or how they treat the land.
673
01:50:18,542 --> 01:50:20,935
(man)
I just appreciate being
out there with these girls,
674
01:50:20,959 --> 01:50:24,018
and helping
my little sister do this
675
01:50:24,042 --> 01:50:27,059
made my heart smile
when she asked me.
676
01:50:27,083 --> 01:50:28,685
It's really important, I think,
677
01:50:28,709 --> 01:50:31,268
that these young girls
go through this.
678
01:50:31,292 --> 01:50:33,975
And you make me want
to fast also,
679
01:50:33,999 --> 01:50:38,018
like, do what we need to do
to become young men.
680
01:50:38,042 --> 01:50:42,975
Makes me want to get
more culturally involved.
681
01:50:42,999 --> 01:50:44,975
And I just want to say
I love you both.
682
01:50:44,999 --> 01:50:47,959
(all)
Ho.
683
01:50:51,417 --> 01:50:52,685
(narrator)
Just in time,
684
01:50:52,709 --> 01:50:54,894
the rock emerged
from the receding waters
685
01:50:54,918 --> 01:50:58,000
of the reservoir,
caked with mud.
686
01:51:03,501 --> 01:51:05,975
[people conversing indistinctly]
687
01:51:05,999 --> 01:51:07,810
- Yes.
- Okay.
688
01:51:07,834 --> 01:51:09,852
(narrator)
Before they swim
across the river
689
01:51:09,876 --> 01:51:11,643
to join the tribe as adults,
690
01:51:11,667 --> 01:51:14,209
the girls grind medicinal herbs.
691
01:51:15,918 --> 01:51:19,185
100 years ago,
even 1,000 years ago,
692
01:51:19,209 --> 01:51:22,876
this rock was a touchstone
for the Winnemem.
693
01:51:24,000 --> 01:51:27,685
Puberty Rock symbolizes
the survival of a people
694
01:51:27,709 --> 01:51:31,292
who, come hell or high water,
never let go of their culture.
695
01:51:37,459 --> 01:51:39,518
(woman)
You're almost there.
Come on, you guys.
696
01:51:39,542 --> 01:51:40,975
(woman)
Come on, you can do this!
697
01:51:40,999 --> 01:51:44,143
(Wilson)
On that last day
when they swim across the river,
698
01:51:44,167 --> 01:51:46,477
I think it's
the final transformation
699
01:51:46,501 --> 01:51:47,975
being a young adult,
700
01:51:47,999 --> 01:51:51,059
just swimming across
and leaving the--
701
01:51:51,083 --> 01:51:53,709
you know,
the child part there.
702
01:51:57,375 --> 01:52:00,459
[people cheering]
703
01:52:06,000 --> 01:52:09,975
[hooves rattling]
704
01:52:09,999 --> 01:52:11,143
All right,
you're almost there.
705
01:52:11,167 --> 01:52:12,185
200 yards to go.
706
01:52:12,209 --> 01:52:15,209
[cheers and applause]
707
01:52:21,999 --> 01:52:23,101
- All right.
- Whoo!
708
01:52:23,125 --> 01:52:24,751
(man)
Yeah!
709
01:52:28,209 --> 01:52:29,351
[laughs]
710
01:52:29,375 --> 01:52:31,975
You washed
your cares away,
711
01:52:31,999 --> 01:52:35,101
and now you're ready
for the big-time.
712
01:52:35,125 --> 01:52:36,918
(all)
Ho.
713
01:52:39,751 --> 01:52:42,975
(Wilson)
I guess that our tribe
is lucky, in a way,
714
01:52:42,999 --> 01:52:47,894
that so many of us
still believe this way.
715
01:52:47,918 --> 01:52:56,143
[people chanting]
716
01:52:56,167 --> 01:52:58,518
(Sisk)
For us, the biggest thing
is to have
717
01:52:58,542 --> 01:53:01,975
non-indigenous peoples
understand
718
01:53:01,999 --> 01:53:05,727
that there is a way
to be there,
719
01:53:05,751 --> 01:53:12,351
a way of walking on that land
without destroying it.
720
01:53:12,375 --> 01:53:14,975
So we're not gonna be able
to make everyone happy, but...
721
01:53:14,999 --> 01:53:18,935
(LaDuke)
Settler society
or society born of this empire
722
01:53:18,959 --> 01:53:22,059
has a disconnect from the world.
723
01:53:22,083 --> 01:53:26,143
It is the nature
of the transience of America
724
01:53:26,167 --> 01:53:28,976
that most generations today
do not live in the same place
725
01:53:29,000 --> 01:53:32,268
as their parents
or their grandparents.
726
01:53:32,292 --> 01:53:37,101
It is the psychology of the West
727
01:53:37,125 --> 01:53:40,143
or the idea
of the greener pastures,
728
01:53:40,167 --> 01:53:43,101
a state of mind.
729
01:53:43,125 --> 01:53:48,059
And so there is
no connection to place.
730
01:53:48,083 --> 01:53:51,975
(Lopez)
A loving relationship
is characterized by reciprocity.
731
01:53:51,999 --> 01:53:54,810
I give. I receive.
732
01:53:54,834 --> 01:53:57,143
The reciprocal relationship
is something
733
01:53:57,167 --> 01:54:00,975
that must always be nurtured.
734
01:54:00,999 --> 01:54:02,975
And what traditional people,
I think, say
735
01:54:02,999 --> 01:54:04,727
at so many junctures is,
736
01:54:04,751 --> 01:54:07,226
you have to be talking
to the Earth
737
01:54:07,250 --> 01:54:11,059
and listening to the Earth
all the time.
738
01:54:11,083 --> 01:54:13,602
So to remain in a loving
relationship with the Earth
739
01:54:13,626 --> 01:54:16,935
means keep
that conversation going.
740
01:54:16,959 --> 01:54:20,959
Human beings are always
talking about human rights.
741
01:54:22,501 --> 01:54:24,018
And that's fine.
742
01:54:24,042 --> 01:54:26,185
Human rights are important.
743
01:54:26,209 --> 01:54:29,975
But without the rights
of nature,
744
01:54:29,999 --> 01:54:32,375
just human rights
are not enough.
745
01:54:34,999 --> 01:54:38,393
Rivers have right to flow
clean and pristine
746
01:54:38,417 --> 01:54:40,584
and unpolluted and undammed.
747
01:54:42,542 --> 01:54:44,268
(Lyons)
The Earth is alive.
748
01:54:44,292 --> 01:54:46,975
No--no doubt about it.
749
01:54:46,999 --> 01:54:48,975
It's alive.
750
01:54:48,999 --> 01:54:52,310
The teachers who know that
the best are indigenous people.
751
01:54:52,334 --> 01:54:53,435
I don't care where you go.
752
01:54:53,459 --> 01:54:56,059
They'll tell you
the same thing.
753
01:54:56,083 --> 01:54:58,643
It's always about peace
and it's always about equity
754
01:54:58,667 --> 01:55:02,975
and it's always about respect
and it's always about nature.
755
01:55:02,999 --> 01:55:04,185
And that's where we have to go.
756
01:55:04,209 --> 01:55:05,351
And we have to do this.
757
01:55:05,375 --> 01:55:08,018
We have to do this collectively.
758
01:55:08,042 --> 01:55:10,727
Put your minds together.
759
01:55:10,751 --> 01:55:13,310
One heart.
760
01:55:13,334 --> 01:55:15,935
One mind.
One spirit.
761
01:55:15,959 --> 01:55:17,542
To be unified.
762
01:55:44,667 --> 01:55:47,435
(announcer)
Native people confront
industrial development
763
01:55:47,459 --> 01:55:50,975
from Papua New Guinea
to the tar sands of Canada.
764
01:55:50,999 --> 01:55:54,584
Next time on
Standing on Sacred Ground.
765
01:55:55,751 --> 01:56:02,894
For more information,
log on to:
766
01:56:02,918 --> 01:56:05,185
For DVDs of
Standing on Sacred Ground,
767
01:56:05,209 --> 01:56:07,209
call:
768
01:56:17,999 --> 01:56:20,935
Funding for theStanding
on Sacred Groundseries
769
01:56:20,959 --> 01:56:22,959
has been provided by:
770
01:56:25,751 --> 01:56:29,000
Additional funding was provided
by the following:
771
01:57:06,209 --> 01:57:08,209
[all chanting]
772
01:57:09,959 --> 01:57:11,602
[speaking native language]
773
01:57:11,626 --> 01:57:13,975
(male narrator)
For indigenous people
around the world,
774
01:57:13,999 --> 01:57:17,935
the rights of nature
and culture are intertwined.
775
01:57:17,959 --> 01:57:21,768
They fight for both,
onSacred Ground.
776
01:57:21,792 --> 01:57:23,768
This is my land.
I'm standing on my land.
777
01:57:23,792 --> 01:57:24,768
You have no right!
778
01:57:24,792 --> 01:57:26,000
[explosion]
779
01:58:01,834 --> 01:58:03,976
(male narrator)
For indigenous people
around the world,
780
01:58:04,000 --> 01:58:07,268
the rights of nature
and culture are intertwined.
781
01:58:07,292 --> 01:58:10,143
They fight for both,
onSacred Ground.
782
01:58:10,167 --> 01:58:12,143
This is my land.
I'm standing on my land.
783
01:58:12,167 --> 01:58:13,167
You have no right!
Distributor: Bullfrog Films
Length: 57 minutes
Date: 2014
Genre: Expository
Language: English; Russian
Grade: 9-12, College, Adults
Color/BW:
Closed Captioning: Available
Interactive Transcript: Available
Existing customers, please log in to view this film.
New to Docuseek? Register to request a quote.
