WEBVTT

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Our dear Paul Singer,

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he said that the solidarity
economy was human rescue,

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the rescue of humanity.

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Work is a process of humanization.

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Slavery, exploitation of work
and subordination,

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it is a process of dehumanization.

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I worked a very significant
period in the factory,

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and I was questioning myself,
this repetitive work,

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for the fight it\'s worth it but for
the work itself it doesn\'t make you happy.

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You don\'t know anything, neither where
it comes from nor where it goes.

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Of course, the biggest achievement was to be able
to make the achievements inside the factory,

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just like we got the same salary
for men and for women,

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to match that of men.

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A help for mothers,
so that they could

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pay where to leave their
children during the working day,

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then there were achievements that were
major milestones within the factory,

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but I also needed some
fulfillment at work.

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Then when the factory fired me

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I started to sew on my
own here at home,

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and I also became more involved
in the neighborhood struggle.

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Many factories closed
in the garment sector

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and many women became unemployed
and began to sew on their own,

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but that was already going into crisis,
because it wasn\'t worth it.

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And then at that time
there was a manifestation

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and that day there were some
of the hospital directors,

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and we asked if we could
sew for hospital,

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we did not imagine, each of us,
with our machines

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the way it was,

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then DEC said yes, as long as we did
a cooperative or an association.

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We were just three of us,

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then we called the first meeting,
19 came,

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at the second meeting 35 women came.

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We were getting together with other
cooperatives here in Porto Alegre

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to meet high demands,

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just as it was the first world social forum,
the second, third, fourth,

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education forums,

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but it bothered us that we were
buying again from a capitalist,

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then our final prices

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were always hostage to the
value of the raw material,

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and hostage also to the limit
that the market pays.

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And we started to dream

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and to think about this possibility of joining
various stages of production.

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Today Justa Trama is
formed by five links,

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there is the Adec association there in Tauá,
right in the backlands of Ceará,

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where it is planted in an agroecological way
raw cotton and brown cotton.

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Also in Mato Grosso do Sul
in the Itamaraty settlement

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there is AEFAFE which is the
Frontier Agricultural Family and Association,

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there we plant ruby ​​and green cotton,
and in an inverse process of Ceará,

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when Ceará plants,
they are harvesting.

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After there it goes
to Coopertextil,

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which is where the fabric thread is made and also
the pre-shrinking and printing of the fabric,

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and it comes to Porto Alegre then,
where the UNIVENS cooperative

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sometimes we create pieces, sometimes
we have partnerships with designers,

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but we do the cutting and sewing,
embroidering or screen printing,

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and here in Porto Alegre is also where
we do the dyeing process,

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which is one of the last processes
that we incorporated,

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to be able to make the pieces of different colors,
with natural pigments, plant pigments.

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Justa Trama followed two
very important principles,

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to preserve the environment,

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so you have an end-to-end product
which is organic, is certified by IBD,

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and we work it in a consortium way,

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agroecology, which is
much more than organic.

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It is to work the diversity
of the plantation,

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because it helps to
preserve the land,

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and also sesame, for example,
helps to repel the boll weevil.

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The other very important
element of Justa Trama

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is that all stages
of production are us,

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therefore we discuss the value,
and we define, together,

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what is the value
for the cotton farmer,

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what is the value that each seamstress
must earn to make a t-shirt,

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to make a dress,
to make a pair of pants,

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according to the time it
takes to do this work.

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Cooperation networks make it possible to
bring together members of the same segment

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or connect the various links
of a production chain.

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When you join these links
that are separated,

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you make the farmer who produces
agroecological cotton,

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not only guarantees that there will be a market
to sell your product,

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but it will ensure that he shares
in the earnings of the final product.

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Itamaraty was an expropriated farm,

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We were settled in 2007.

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Itamaraty has around
3 thousand families.

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The main activity is milk,

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we plant as complementary activities.

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We plant a vegetable garden to deliver
to government projects, PA and PENAI.

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We also produce cotton for Justa Trama.

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When the issue of transgenics arose,

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we held several risk discussion seminars,

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what this culture and this system can bring

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for agricultural production in general,
it\'s not just cotton, it\'s everything.

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Then I created a circle of friendship,

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other comrades joined in the direction
of Movement of the Landless

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and it ended up being that
we were settled here.

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And precisely on the farm where it was considered
the queen of soy in the 80s.

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This is the tree that extracts
neem seed oil,

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but you also make compost with the leaf.

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If you dry it, you can use this
here to control... Tick, fly.

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Add to cattle feed.

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And if you take this here and mash it
with water or alcohol,

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you use it as a repellent, too,
in the fields.

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And this comes from India.
Now this is our chinaberry tree,

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You can see that they are somewhat similar.

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Look around us here, how many
species are on our property.

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He has papaya, banana, cotton,
sesame, beans

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So, he diversified his property.

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This is a trap to catch insects

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that can harm the cotton plantation.

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You can see that there is a distribution in the area,

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so the more you put in,

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this is probably a solution
which has urine, to attract, and salt,

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that attracts insects
and they don\'t go to the plant.

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And our organic production system
is precisely in small areas,

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at most one hectare,
where we have complete control.

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Consortium with other plants helps
to eliminate the proliferation of insects and pests,

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but it has a lot of resistance, right?

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and...

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Faced with agribusiness

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our production sometimes causes problems
instead of solution.

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And still we need
market guarantee.

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Today we produce
colored organic cotton

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because we have the security of
trading with Justa Trama.

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This gives security to the farmers.

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We may have the difficulties of
climate, temperature,

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those normal farmer things,

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but we have the security of purchase guarantee.

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I am a father of three children

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and I try to pass that on to my children.

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That the big problem today, I think,
of family farming, is family succession,

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it\'s young people wanting to
stay in the countryside.

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That for me is the big problem.

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And it\'s not to produce organic, it\'s to
stay on the farm, really, produce in the field.

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So my concern is this,

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and we have to add to this concern

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access to technology,

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to comfort,

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for the well-being of young people,

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the availability of income generation,
I don\'t even talk about work,

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You have to generate income on the farm, right?

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Because if you go to a big center,
you have to work,

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so the work of the farm is not work?

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For me it is.

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You have to generate income, do
this work that I develop here

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pay my bills at the end of the month.

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Because the energy arrives
at the end of the month,

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and sometimes such a culture
it takes four months to arrive.

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It\'s a lion a day, right?

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But we decided to go
organic in this philosophy.

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The cotton processing takes
place in this machine,

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we put the raw cotton in
this container here,

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put here

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and the saws go round

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and expelling the plume beyond

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and the lump is falling here.

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Solidarity economy ventures,
in capitalist society,

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are in a subordinate position.

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That is, the low participation
in the volume of sales made,

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and the economic results achieved,

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makes them subaltern
compared to the big market,

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that is, who dominates the markets.

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So the producer, the
craftsman, the seamstress,

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alone they don\'t have much capacity,

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don\'t have much of a chance to face
this reality in a subordinate way.

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When you join in association, in
cooperative, you are also limited.

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Subordination will express political,
technological, economic dependence

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of these solidarity economy initiatives
in relation to decisions

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mainly in the market, are taken in
other spaces and by other factors.

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So subordination, subalternity,
limit a lot

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the expansion of capabilities
in the solidarity economy.

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To face these challenges
in the solidarity economy

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in Brazil,

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in the last decades,
we have highly valued the idea of networks.

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First the social networks,
the political networks.

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The solidarity economy is only constituted
in the Brazilian reality

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when it is recognized as a social movement,

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as a political movement
which brings a proposal,

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brings a strategy in society
to discuss development.

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They are enterprises, they are
support entities, are public managers,

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who organize themselves and say
\"the solidarity economy is very important\".

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On December 10, 1985,

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I got a job here at
Companhia Fiação e Tecelaria Pará de Minas,

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where I worked until 1997 as an employee.

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But the financial difficulties
of the company were big,

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then they declared bankruptcy,

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and then there was the opportunity
for us to found Coopertextil.

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Until then, we didn\'t know what a cooperative
was, we didn\'t know how it worked,

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so the late Alfeu Silva Mendes
was called at the time,

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who was the president of OCEMG, Organization
of the Cooperatives of the State of Minas Gerais,

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he came to the factory,
set up a meeting with us,

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we were remnants of the Fiação
e Tecelaria Pará de Minas

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and at an assembly he explained to
us how a cooperative would work.

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When I arrived at the company

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there were 450 employees,

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all of them with notice.

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I was the only one who was coming to run a firm,

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where everyone was with notice,

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to lose their jobs for 30 days.

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But we entered and managed to maintain
this company for three years,

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that\'s when we made a choice
to become a cooperative.

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All members here
have a specific function,

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whose specific function,
have a specific remuneration

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for that area.

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And we have, in addition
to our remuneration,

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we have a ticket that is
25% on top of the value

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that each member withdraws monthly.

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Because we don\'t have a salary,
we have withdrawal.

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We have gone from being
employees to being owners.

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The only difference from
the Labor Laws is that

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you have the guarantee fund.

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In the cooperative you don\'t have,

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but on the other hand you have, if there
is production, if you have a good surplus,

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you earn much more
than if you work under Labor Laws.

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Your service is safer,

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because in the Labor Laws
if you have a crisis

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you are dismissed, right?

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In the cooperative, no.

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the cooperative has that bond
with the cooperator,

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so it can decrease some things,
decrease hours,

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but dismiss it can not.

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Only if you do something very serious

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for you to be fired from a cooperative.

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We received the fabric of Justa Trama,

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the raw fabric,

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we process it\'s bleaching, we put it
in conditions to do the finishing.

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This fabric passed through the scorcher,

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underwent continuous bleaching,

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and comes to the machine.

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Then the fabric was taken to the branch,

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the rama is a machine in which you
put products for you to soften the fabric

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and regularize the width of the fabric.

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In addition to political networks, organizations,
forums, social networks,

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we have cooperation networks
in the solidarity economy,

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which are cooperation networks
focused on economic activities.

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They are articulation strategies
and organization,

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from the principles of cooperation,
of self-management,

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to enable its production, distribution
and consumption initiatives,

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expanding their autonomy capabilities
in social, political and economic relations.

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A social network is characterized exactly
as an innovative form of organization

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because there is independence
of its members in relation to others.

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You have the points and nodes in the networks,
but there is no subordination relationship.

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Each of the network points
is an information transmitter

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that will make the network work,
so these characteristics of the social network

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are absorbed in the solidarity
economy cooperation networks.

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The people of Justa Trama, mainly Neusa,

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come here to Minas Gerais a lot,

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every time they come, they visit us.

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We follow the Justa Trama
through Mato Grosso, Ceará,

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in several promotions that Justa Trama made,

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in several meetings,

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there are always people from
here in the cooperative

00:20:12.490 --> 00:20:15.620
to follow up,
give your testimony,

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to provide your information.

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Even in the wiring part
it helped us a lot,

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we had to change the cards,
a piece that calls cardinho filatório

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are expensive pieces, and
Justa Trama gives us

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at the time it seems to me it
was 170, 180 thousand reais,

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in parts, which were made
available to Coopertextil.

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It helped us a lot in this process.

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The networks make it possible

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the logistical and economic
cooperation support

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to articulate activities of
small associated producers

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and their collective undertakings.

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The networks will enable a gain of scale,

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regularity, consistency in
offering products or services.

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You have more knowledge exchange,
technological exchange,

00:21:16.970 --> 00:21:19.810
to improve quality and productivity,

00:21:19.810 --> 00:21:23.060
and optimization of production
and management costs.

00:21:23.060 --> 00:21:24.770
\"Do it twice.\"

00:21:25.190 --> 00:21:28.190
With that, we have better gains,

00:21:28.190 --> 00:21:31.280
adding value to products and services.

00:21:37.370 --> 00:21:41.580
As we are several cooperatives
and we are in the five regions of Brazil,

00:21:41.580 --> 00:21:43.250
we have a challenge:

00:21:43.250 --> 00:21:46.710
that in every place where we are,
we get involved with the environment.

00:21:46.710 --> 00:21:48.170
Don\'t just be focused

00:21:48.170 --> 00:21:51.880
on ensuring that the cooperative remains,

00:21:51.880 --> 00:21:54.920
but that their environments
have a concrete action.

00:21:56.340 --> 00:22:00.760
And we here from the beginning, we
looked a lot at the issue of women,

00:22:00.760 --> 00:22:04.060
and the community what she most demanded
was for her to have a space

00:22:04.060 --> 00:22:05.980
where the children could stay.

00:22:05.980 --> 00:22:10.320
Because all the day care centers that
existed here, even though they had agreements,

00:22:10.320 --> 00:22:14.900
had such high values ​​that
women often had to work

00:22:14.900 --> 00:22:18.990
to be able to pay for school, then
it wasn\'t worth her to be working,

00:22:18.990 --> 00:22:23.120
so she ended up staying
and she brought no income into the house.

00:22:34.510 --> 00:22:36.840
In addition to the economic advantages,

00:22:36.840 --> 00:22:40.390
we also have political and
organizational advantages.

00:22:40.390 --> 00:22:43.970
Instead of each enterprise
presenting its specific demand,

00:22:43.970 --> 00:22:46.980
they come together, plan, organize,

00:22:46.980 --> 00:22:50.900
and seek to present their demands
in an articulated way.

00:22:52.230 --> 00:22:56.570
This makes access to public
policies more structured,

00:22:56.570 --> 00:22:59.240
you have more structured projects,

00:22:59.240 --> 00:23:01.780
to precisely enable certain sectors,

00:23:01.780 --> 00:23:03.450
certain segments.

00:23:06.750 --> 00:23:08.790
Solidarity economy ventures,

00:23:08.790 --> 00:23:12.540
Solidarity economy workers have rights,

00:23:12.540 --> 00:23:15.920
therefore they must access public policies,

00:23:15.920 --> 00:23:18.130
must access public funds.

00:23:22.890 --> 00:23:25.220
So this dress will now go through

00:23:25.220 --> 00:23:28.640
all the places where
we have points of sale,

00:23:28.640 --> 00:23:31.310
which is at fairs, it
is through the website,

00:23:31.310 --> 00:23:34.860
it is in stores that have a
partnership with us for sale.

00:23:34.860 --> 00:23:39.150
The cotton came from Ceará,
is planted by Adec

00:23:39.150 --> 00:23:43.120
where they do the process
until they bale it,

00:23:43.120 --> 00:23:44.830
went to Minas Gerais,

00:23:44.830 --> 00:23:48.410
Coopertextil, who made the
yarn, made the fabric,

00:23:48.410 --> 00:23:50.830
and also made it\'s stamp.

00:23:50.830 --> 00:23:52.670
And from there it came to here,

00:23:52.670 --> 00:23:54.420
and here we cut,

00:23:54.420 --> 00:23:59.420
the Univens cooperative cut
and sewed this dress,

00:23:59.420 --> 00:24:00.930
which is now ready

00:24:01.890 --> 00:24:03.090
to the market.